![The Journal of e-Science Letters [ISSN 3041-5454 (Online)]](https://scienceletters.researchfloor.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/logo.jpg){kind=logo}
. Introduction Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) remains a globally prevalent viral pathogen responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations, including orofacial lesions, keratitis, and severe complications in immunocompromised…
1. Introduction Globally, correctional systems are increasingly transitioning from punitive institutional models toward rehabilitation-oriented approaches that prioritize inmate reintegration, behavioural transformation, and human rights-based correctional management [1] [2]. This shift…
1. Introduction Public sector reform remains one of the most significant governance challenges confronting contemporary states [1]. Within correctional systems, political will plays an especially important role because correctional reform…
1. INTRODUCTION The global correctional landscape has undergone significant transformation over the past few decades as criminal justice systems increasingly shift from punitive models toward rehabilitative and reintegrative approaches. This…
Introduction Civil infrastructure constitutes the backbone of modern societies, supporting essential services such as transportation, energy distribution, water supply, communication systems, and urban development. However, the increasing frequency, intensity, and…
Introduction: India possesses the world's second-largest tribal population, surpassed only by the continent of Africa, with approximately 104 million individuals. This figure surpasses the populations of France and Britain, and…
Introduction Additive manufacturing (AM) of metals, commonly known as metal three-dimensional (3D) printing, has emerged as one of the most significant innovations in advanced manufacturing. By fabricating components layer-by-layer directly…
IntroductionMethylation and demethylation machinery interact to fine-tune the epigenetic states in response to environmental or developmental cues, or to upregulate or downregulate particular genes [58]. This dynamic regulation of methylation…
Introduction Fiberglass reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have emerged as one of the most important classes of advanced engineering materials because of their exceptional combination of low density, high strength, corrosion…
Introduction RNA, once thought to be merely a transmitter of genetic information, is now recognized as a versatile biomolecule that plays essential roles in gene regulation, viral and bacterial defense…