Introduction Mobile Genetic Elements in Microorganisms Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as transposons, introns, integrins, plasmids, and insertion sequences are broadly distributed throughout bacterial and fungal genomes (1). Transposable elements (TEs), commonly referred to as transposons, are especially remarkable because of their capacity to shift positions within genomes, thereby fostering genetic variation and adaptation. Transposable …
Introduction Throughout the power generating, petrochemical, food processing, HVAC, and transportation sectors, heat exchangers are essential parts that support energy conversion, process heating/cooling, and thermal management [1]. They are essential to decarbonization and resource-efficiency initiatives due to their combined effect on system efficiency and operating costs. The strategic importance of heat-exchange technology has been increased …
Introduction Urbanization is reshaping demographic and infrastructure dynamics on a global scale. The United Nations (2022) projects that nearly 68% of the world’s population will reside in cities by 2050, translating to over two billion additional urban residents. This rapid growth has positioned cities as central engines of economic development while simultaneously creating pressure on …
Resilience and Sustainability in Urban Infrastructure Read More »
Introduction The design and use of catalysts in chemical processes to maximise resource efficiency and minimise environmental impact is known as sustainable catalysis. At the core of green chemistry, it seeks to substitute cleaner methods for traditional, high-energy, wasteful processes [1, 2]. While conventional catalysis frequently uses hazardous heavy metals and produces a lot of …
Sustainable Catalysis: A Review of Green Catalysts and Their Applications Read More »
Introduction The drive to limit global warming and meet the targets of the Paris Agreement has created an urgent need to transform energy systems worldwide. Energy efficiency, electrification, and the quick growth of renewable energy are the main pillars of this transition [1, 2]. However, decarbonising several large-emitting industries, such as steel, cement, and some …
Comparative Study on Green Hydrogen Production via Solar vs Wind Electrolysis Read More »
Introduction Mining exploration is a fundamental activity that drives economic development by identifying and extracting mineral resources essential to modern society. It plays a crucial role in supplying the raw materials needed for a wide range of industries, from infrastructure and construction to electronics and energy production, thereby underpinning global economic growth and technological innovation …
1.0. Introduction The Nigerian aquaculture industry has existed for approximately fifty years, yet the country still struggles to meet domestic fish production needs. Ita et al. [2], reported that Nigeria possesses about 13 mil of hectares of cultivable water bodies with the potential for aquaculture development. Numerous cultivable indigenous and exotic fish species have …
Introduction Environmental pollution by heavy metals and organics have been a threat to the environment and of public concern [1]. Overwhelming industrialization and civilization have tremendously increased the concentrations of these pollutants, and their rate of migration and transfer in the environment is alarming [2]. These pollutants are present in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems …
1. Introduction Tea, derived from the leaves of Camellia sinensis, is one of the most widely consumed beverages globally and is commonly known by names like Chaye and Cha. The plant yields three main commercial varieties: oolong, green, and black, with their differentiation arising primarily from varying levels of fermentation. Beyond its use as a beverage, …
1.1. INTRODUCTION Water is not only essential for sustaining life but also plays a crucial role in human health. Access to safe drinking water is fundamental to preventing waterborne diseases and promoting overall well-being. However, the quality of drinking water can vary significantly depending on its source and the presence of contaminants [1]. Contaminated water …
