Unani system of medicine is the traditional art of healing recognized worldwide. Medicinal plants have been served through ages as a constant source of medicament for the treatment of variety of ailments. Cancer is considered as one of the fastest growing diseases with an estimated worldwide incidence of 10 million new cases per year. According to medical statistics, more than half of all cancer patients do not live 5 years. There have been reports that one out of three persons dies of cancer today and by the year 2010 this figure is expected to be one in two. The knowledge of sartan (cancer) in Unani can be traced from ancient times (131-200 AD). According to Unani sartan is due to sauda (black bile) and saudavi madda which may develops into two types they are tabayee saudavi madda (normal) and ghair tabayee saudavi madda (abnormal) which further develops into warm e sulb (hard swelling). If tabayee saudavi madda burns it leads to sartan (kitabul umdah). Avicenna noted that cancer always occurs in hollow organs and that is why it is more frequent in women . When sauda becomes oxidized it acts as a precursor for the formation of sartan. In unani, sartan is classified into two, they are sartan- e-damvi or umoomi (blood cancer) and sartan-e-maqami or uzuwi (localized cancer) which is further divided into nine. Presence of hard mass on the parts of body with burning and pricking sensation is one of the common manifestations of sartan. The ilaj (treatment) of sartan is based on the modulators which are mentioned in the classical Unani literature, viz; ilaj -bil-ghizza (dietotherapy) like beans, cruciferous vegetables etc. ilaj-bil-dawa (pharmacotherapy) like joshanda (decoction) aftimoon, single drugs like shahitra, bisfaij etc… ilaj-bit- tadbeer (regimental therapy) like mushilat (purgation), hijamah (cupping), fasd (venesection) etc. and ilaj -bil-yad (surgery). The purpose of these methods is evacuation of ghair tabayee saudavi and normalization of those matters.