Evaluation of the Heavy Metal in Soils of Kachwani Singaram Watershed of Musi River by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
Saleha Parveen* , Girisha Malhotra , Ali Ibrahim Zghair , Hazim Abdulqader Shaker
Abstract
The main objective of research was to identify the heavy metal contaminated zones of soil and groundwater in the study area. Twenty five groundwater and ten soil samples collected from agriculture, residential and industrial areas and analysed by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. Due to anthropogenic activities in Kachwani Singaram watershed have deteriorated water and soil quality during the last few years due to over population and industrial development. Soil samples were analysed for Heavy metals using XRF or X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry. Analysed data were compared with the national and international standards and subjected to factor analysis for six variables to assess and characterize hydro chemical process. Comparison of results with groundwater water samples and soil samples with WHO or BIS or Canadian guidelines show that most of groundwater samples are heavily contaminated with Heavy metals and toxic trace elements like lead, chromium, nickel, barium, aluminium, boron, and selenium, which was quantified and presented in the form of spatial variation Diagrams prepared using ArcGIS. The results reveal that the contamination is mainly due to anthropogenic activities in and around the study area due to high population density and industrial setup in the region being very close to Hyderabad city.
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The main objective of research was to identify the heavy metal contaminated zones of soil and groundwater in the study area. Twenty five groundwater and ten soil samples collected from agriculture, residential and industrial areas and analysed by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. Due to anthropogenic activities in Kachwani Singaram watershed have deteriorated water and soil quality during the last few years due to over population and industrial development. Soil samples were analysed for Heavy metals using XRF or X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry. Analysed data were compared with the national and international standards and subjected to factor analysis for six variables to assess and characterize hydro chemical process. Comparison of results with groundwater water samples and soil samples with WHO or BIS or Canadian guidelines show that most of groundwater samples are heavily contaminated with Heavy metals and toxic trace elements like lead, chromium, nickel, barium, aluminium, boron, and selenium, which was quantified and presented in the form of spatial variation Diagrams prepared using ArcGIS. The results reveal that the contamination is mainly due to anthropogenic activities in and around the study area due to high population density and industrial setup in the region being very close to Hyderabad city.